Prospects for the use of ozone in pest control of stored cereals
Professor dr hab. Stanisław IgnatowiczOZONE - treatment using a mixture of ozone and air to destroy pestsInsect losses and problemOver 500 million dollars each year. There are fewer and fewer plant protection products for controlling pests in storage. Insect resistance to the means used. Ozone An alternative - ozone gas.
Ozone Over 100 scientific publications.
Some of them indicate that relatively low conc. ozone (50 ppm) is sufficient to destroy harmful organisms: insects, mites, molds, bacteria, other organisms.
Ozone - a highly sterilizing reactive gas - used for:
drinking water disinfection, disinfection of medical equipment, destroying bacteria lowering the level of mycotoxins, food sanitization, deodorization, removal of discolorations,It breaks down to atmospheric oxygenProduced on site. There is no need to store gas in cylinders. It cannot be supplied e.g. in cylinders - it degrades to oxygen on its own. There is no need for damage when it has not been used.Toxic to insects The mechanism of toxic effects on insects - damage to the respiratory system.Corn Roll rice roll biting triplet the troika granary borer, flour flour.Literature data on the effectiveness of ozone in pest control ozone used in conc. from <45 ppm to 10,000 ppm for several hours - several days. causes 100% mortality depending on the q target species and fumigation parameters: temperature, O2 / CO2 concentrations pressure (vacuum), other factors.No ozonation effect at 0.3 ppm for 22-26 daysAmerican visitor, Periplaneta americana Nauphoela cinerea fire ant, Solenopsis invicta100% mortality 5 ppm for 3-5 days the troika granary100% mortality 95-115 ppm for 3.5 - 6 hours the troika biting triplet100% mortality 50 ppm for 3 days the troika corn almond> 90% mortality 25-50 ppm for 3-5 days biting triplet corn almondLT95 95-120 ppm biting triplet (LT95 = 70 min); rice roll (LT95 = 100 hours10,000 ppm Temp. 13oC, vacuum or reduced pressure -25.4 mm Hg for 6 hours Hypothenemus hampei 100% mortality in all stages except eggs (approx. 15% survived). Echidnas skin, Dermestes maculatusSpiky skin of10,000 ppm Ozone flow in silo grain mass possible in three directions: y, x, zOzone flow through mass of grain:Phase I ozonation slowly reaches the level of e.g. 50 ppm ozone after 3-6 days. Ozone reacts with materials of organic origin and thus disappears. Phase II ozonation quickly reaches the required level, because all reactive sites have been eliminated. You can renew it within a few hours even after 30 dayssince last ozonation.
Summary of research on ozone
Phase I ozonation reached 50 ppm ozone after 3-6 days (compared to phosphine fumigation) Phase II can be renewed within a few hours even after 30 days from the last ozonation. Insect mortality: 90 - 100%.Ozone treatment without affecting grain quality parameters. The musty grain smell was removedThe device connects to the aeration silo opening and then provides:constant ozone flow through the mass of grain,obtaining the desired concentration of ozone toxic to insects, fungi, bacteria,ends the process. Ozonation completed
Ozone generating devices
The device connects to the aeration silo opening and then provides: ● constant ozone flow through the grain mass, ● obtaining the desired concentration of ozone toxic to insects, fungi, bacteria, ● ends the process.
Technological advantages of ozonation:
● Ozonation is more effective than traditional fumigation. ● Ozonation eliminates the activity of harmful organisms in 100%. ● Ozone does not cause resistance to pests such as phosphine. ● Ozone is safer than the gases used, such as PH3 ● Ozonation treatments cheaper than fumigation. ● Ozone is much less harmful to grains than other gases. ● Ozone can replace PH3 and other gases. ● No toxic gas transport is required because ozone is produced on site